Solar power auto irrigation system using microcontroller

Solar power auto irrigation system using microcontroller, In this article you will learn about auto irrigation system. Whats is irrigation system? What is auto irrigation system? How to make irrigation system automatic? How to use microcontroller to make intelligent and automatic? Circuit diagram of solar power auto irrigation system using pic microcontroller. This project just give you idea about solar power auto irrigation system. It is for low power application. But you can make it according to your requirement. Basic idea and implementation remains same.

What is irrigation system ?

Irrigation system is basically a way to give water to land or plants. In agriculture field it is very important to provide water to plants in case of lack of rain and deficiency of water under the earth. It is very important to give proper water to plants to make their growth effective. Therefor irrigation system is used to provide proper water to plants and lands.

What is auto irrigation system ?

Auto irrigation system is very important in the field of agriculture. In the field of agriculture it is very important to maintain level of water or moisture in soil where corps are planted. Excess or deficiency in water may harm the growth of plants which results in loss of farmers. To solve this problem, auto irrigation system is designed. Auto irrigation system keep information about moisture level in land and keep moisture to permissible limit. Moisture sensor is used to measure moisture level  in soil. According to measured moisture level, water pump turn on or off. I will explain it in more detail later.

What is solar power auto irrigation system ?

As we know it is difficult in agriculture field  to control water pumps manually. One have to stay in fields to turn on and off. In many countries where electricity is main issue, villagers usually don’t have facility of electricity . In that case solar power is used to power water pumps. In solar power auto irrigation system, solar charge controller is used to store dc power of solar panels in batteries. This stored battery is used to power water pumps automatically. I will explain later what is meant there by automatically.

Circuit diagram of solar power auto irrigation system using pic microcontroller :

Circuit diagram of solar power auto irrigation system is given below. I have explained main components of this project also along with circuit diagram.

Above circuit diagram shows the main components of solar power irrigation system. I have explained main components below :

Solar charge controller :

Solar charge controller is used to charge 12 volt battery. The basic purpose of solar charge controller is to avoid over charging and over discharging of battery. There are three types of solar charge controller available in market. 24 volt solar panel is used in this project which charge 12 volt 7.2AH battery with the help of solar charge controller.

Moisture sensor :

Moisture sensor is main component of this project which is used for the measurement of moisture in soil. There are many moisture sensors available in market. You can purchase any of them. But the working principle of  all them almost remains same. They work on the principle of change in resistance. Basically moisture sensor is a metallic strip. Resistance of metallic strip changes according to moisture level in soil. If moisture is high, resistance will be low and if moisture in soil is low, resistance will be high. Because moisture increases the conductivity of metallic strip. PIC microcontroller is used to measure change in resistance of moisture sensor. This change in resistance is used to turn on or turn off dc water pump with the help relay interfacing with microcontroller.

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